Travelling to South America? Here’s what you should know
South America is known for its warm climates and is a popular tourist destination due to its variety of attractions. Be prepared to be blown away by the rich culture, incredible views and delectable food. Many travellers to South America also go for mission work, which makes travel to the continent even more common. Before you pack your bags and head to South America, keep in mind that there are various communicable diseases that are prevalent in the region due to insects that transmit diseases and the high rate of poverty. Being aware of the potential for disease and taking the necessary precautions through vaccinations and medications before your travel is essential.
Below you will find a general list of the vaccinations you should consider getting before you travel anywhere in South America:
Hepatitis A
This is a highly communicable disease found in many South American and North American countries, especially developing ones. Hepatitis A is often contracted through contaminated food and water but can also be transmitted through physical contact. Some of the symptoms of Hepatitis A include fever, jaundice, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and loss of appetite. While Hepatitis A is one of the most easily contracted diseases, the good news is that it is among the most preventable. By taking the Hepatitis A vaccine, you can eliminate the risk of contracting the disease during your trip.
Hepatitis B
People who travel as missionaries, volunteers and military personnel are at risk of contracting the disease. Transmitted through blood, contaminated medical instruments or unprotected sex, Hepatitis B is a viral disease that comes with a host of symptoms that include sudden fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, joint pain and jaundice. Hepatitis B can become chronic in some individuals and lead to liver disease and cancer.
Cholera
Cholera is a disease transmitted through ingesting contaminated water or food. It is very rare in developed countries but is present in many parts of the developing world like Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and parts of Asia and Africa. Cholera causes diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. If the disease is untreated, severe dehydration may occur and lead to death.
Meningitis
Meningococcal meningitis is a grave bacterial infection that affects the brain and can be transmitted through saliva and respiratory secretions. The disease is present all over the world but is most prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. Common symptoms of meningitis include sudden fever, headache, and stiff neck. Other less common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity and diminished reflexes. If the bacteria infects the blood, it can cause vomiting, cold hands and feet, chills, aches and pains, diarrhea and a dark purple rash. Receiving a meningitis vaccine is your best defence against contracting this serious disease. Some countries in Africa require proof of vaccination before entry is granted.
Rabies
The Rabies virus is found everywhere in the world and can be transmitted to humans from the saliva of infected animals. Being licked, scratched, or bitten by an infected animal can cause serious health problems. Rabies affects the central nervous system and can lead to brain disease and death. Medical attention should be sought immediately after coming into contact with the disease, even if you are vaccinated against rabies.
Typhoid fever
Spread through contaminated food and water, typhoid is present in developing countries, particularly in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Travellers to these regions should take note of this and take a typhoid vaccination to prevent this serious disease. Symptoms associated with typhoid include high fever, weakness, stomach pain, headache, and loss of appetite. Internal bleeding and death can occur; however, this is rare.
Yellow fever
Yellow fever can develop into a serious illness that causes bleeding, shock, organ failure, and death. It is caused by a virus spread through mosquitoes found in South America and Africa. Many countries in these areas require proof of yellow fever vaccination for entry or re-entry.
The Royal Travel Clinic is here to help you prepare adequately for your trip to South America. Our comprehensive virtual travel health consultations are like none other, and we take the time to assess your health to create an individualized medical plan that will keep you healthy for the duration of your trip.
Disclaimer:
All of the materials presented on this website are intended for information purposes only. It is in no way intended to replace professional medical travel consultation by a qualified medical practitioner.
